Speaker : Daniel MUCIDA, laboratory of mucosal immunology - howard hughes medical institute the rockefeller university.
"Circadian control of regulatory t cells by enteric neurons and eosinophils"
Multiple intestinal functions including nutrient absorption and peristalsis display regional specialization as well as time-of-day effect under the control of circadian rhythm. We investigated the role of these adaptations in the intestinal immune system and the response to dietary antigens. We found that regulatory T (Treg) cells in the murine proximal small intestine (duodenum) expand during the active phase (night) and contract during the day. Treg cell expansion was supported by activ in A receptor-expressing eosinophils and clock gene-dependent rhythmic production of follistatin by duodenal enteric neurons. The circadian entrainment of these changes depended on light exposure but not on the time of food intake. This neuro-immune pathway affected immune responses to food, so that oral challenges during the night resulted in more protective tolerance, which was dependent on enteric neuron-derived follistatin secretion. These data suggest that circadian and regional adaptations in the intestine augment regulatory responses during the active phase.
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