The part of the central nervous system located in the cranial cavity.
The brain consists of two hemispheres, each comprising six lobes, plus the cerebellum and brain stem.
The brain controls many functions including involuntary actions like breathing, tremors, and heart rate, as well as voluntary actions such as movement. It also plays a key role in cognitive functions, creativity, decision-making, emotional expression, sociability, memory, etc.
The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system, which is capable of assimilating information, controlling motor skills and performing cognitive functions.
It weighs around 1.3 kg (75% of which is water) and is the body’s best protected organ, partly because it is surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid, which reduces the effect of impacts, and also due to its being covered by three layers of tissue called the meninges. It consumes 15%-20% of the energy produced by the body – mainly glucose, a simple sugar found in the diet. A large network of blood vessels spans the brain, making it possible to supply it with a considerable amount of oxygen.
