Basic cell of the nervous tissue, capable of receiving, analysing, reproducing and transmitting information in the form of an electrical or chemical signal.
The main part, the cell body of the neuron, is extended by an axon and dendrites, extensions that allow connection to other neurons. The neuron can be described as a communication unit with a receiving system, the dendrites, a control centre, the cell body, and a transmitting part, the axon. The cell bodies of the neurons form the grey matter of the brain, while the axons make up the white matter.
- Motor neuron :
- Motor neurons involved in the transmission of motor information from the brain to the spinal cord and peripheral organs.