Glossary

Here you will find all the key concepts and notions of neuroscience. An essential resource for those who would like to better understand the brain and how it works!

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Optogenetics: Biomedical technique of introducing a gene into a cell that produces a photosensitive molecule, which can be activated by light stimulation without disturbing neighbouring cells.

Sagittal plane (or longitudinal) :: Vertical plane separating the body into right and left halves.
Scanner :: Imaging equipment based on the absorption of X-rays by biological tissue.
Scientific method :: An organized and rigorous way of trying to understand the world.
Senescence :: A physiological process that causes a modification of the cell's functions and an irreversible cessation of its divisions.
Serotonin :: A neurotransmitter involved in mood management and associated with happiness. Often called the “happiness hormone”, serotonin activates or inhibits brain activity depending on the receptor to which it binds. Serotonin is essential for neurons to communicate with each other.
Spinal canal :: A tunnel formed by the juxtaposition of the empty portion of the vertebrae, the spinal canal contains the spinal cord and nerves.
Spinal Cord :: Lower part of the central nervous system located in the vertebral column.
Spinal Ganglion :: A nucleus connecting the dorsal root of the spinal nerve to the spinal cord.
Spinal nerve :: Nerves originating in the spinal cord and extending to the periphery.
Sympathetic nervous system :: A group of neurons involved in the functioning of the sympathetic nervous system, activated under alert and stress.
Synapse :: Area of contact between the axons of neurons, enabling nerve impulses to be transmitted.
Synaptic Connection :: Contact between two neurons or between a neuron and a cell.
Synaptic Fence :: A microscopic space between two neurons at a synapse.